Niklus Mart-Olav Juliusovich
2. Questionnaire of a political prisoner of the St. Petersburg society "Memorial", filled in by Niklus M.Yu., about his arrest in 1976. (1 sheet, original on letterhead).
3. Questionnaire of a political prisoner of the St. Petersburg society "Memorial", filled out by Niklus M.Yu., about his arrest in 1980. (1 sheet, original on letterhead).
4. Autobiography of Niklus Mart Juliusovich, Radio Liberty Archive AS No. 2919. (5 sheets., photocopy of typescript).
5. Leaflet in defense of Niklus M.Yu. Rette Mart Niklus! dated March 1, 1982, in German. (1 sheet, photocopy).
6. Letter from the English center of the international PEN club dated 06.10.1983. Niklas M.Yu. greeting his release, in English. (1 sheet, typescript).
6.1. Certificate of the Supreme Court of the USSR No. 02Ds-350-88 of 01/06/1989. on the annulment of the verdict of the Judicial Collegium for Criminal Cases of the Supreme Court of the Estonian SSR dated 15.01.1959. in relation to Niklus M.-O.Yew. and on his rehabilitation by the decision of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the USSR of 22.12.1988. (1 sheet, photocopy).
7. Leaflet of the Estonian-American Council dated 16.05.1990. about the arrival in the USA of the Soviet dissident Niklus M., in English and Estonian. (1l., original).
8. Leaflet of the Estonian-American Council dated 12.06.1990. about the visit to the USA of the Soviet dissident Niklus M., in English. (1l., original).
9. Note "Meeting with the national hero of Estonia" in the newspaper "New Russian Word" dated 20.07.1990. (1 sheet, photocopy).
10. Article by Shannon F. Anthony "A voice for independence" in The Sunday star-ledger newspaper dated 07/22/1990, about a conversation with Niklus M., in English. (1 sheet, photocopy).
11. Questionnaire of the repressed No. 26-69 (2A-144), filled in by Niklus M.Yu. 10/10/1990, postcard of Niklus M.Yu. from 03.10.1991 to the Organizing Committee about the possibility of coming to the meeting of former political prisoners in St. Petersburg on December 7-8, 1991; (p / w is missing). (5 sheets, original on letterhead).
12. Sheet with a photograph of Niklus M.Yu., an imprint of his ex-libris and the address of Niklus M.Yu. in custody in the city of Chistopol. (1 sheet, photocopy).
13. Biographical data about Niklus M.Yu., after [1988]. (1 sheet, typescript).
14. Leaflet of the organization "Baltic American Freedom League" in defense of Niklus M. dated 10/15/1988. (1 sheet, photocopy).
15. Signature sheet demanding the release of Niklus M., with signatures, before [1988]. (1 sheet, photocopy).
16. Article by Anjalauskas Valdas “Legendary Estonian in New York”, newspaper (no data), undated. (1 sheet, photocopy).
17. Copy of the cover of the book by S. V. Dyakov, A. A. Ignatieva. and Karpushina M.P. "Responsibility for state crimes" under the general editorship of Barkov L.I., M., 1988. (1 sheet, photocopy).
18. Postcard with a request for the release of Niklus M., addressed to the General Secretary of the CPSU Gorbachev M.S., with a photograph of Niklus M.Yu. (1l., original).
19. Postcards with a request for the release of Niklus M., addressed to the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the ESSR Vaino K.G., with a photograph of Niklus M.Yu. (2l ., original).
20. Photo by Niklus M.Yu. in Cologne on August 23, 1990, with a dedication by Niklus M. to the Memorial Society. (1l., photograph).
21. Photograph of the meeting with Niklus M. at the Estonian House in New York on 20.07.1990, Niklus is the third from the left. (1l., photograph).
22. The booklet "The Case of a Soviet-occupied country", published by the Estonian-American Council, in English. (2l., original).
23. Brochure with materials of the 6th session of the Estonian Congress, 1991, in Estonian, Russian and English. (10 sheets, brochure).
24. Stamps "For freedom and human rights in Estonia" with the image of Niklus M. and the demand for his release and a stamp in memory of Kukka J., who died in custody. (1l., original).
Names (1)
Niklus Mart-Olav Juliusovich (Estonian: Mart Olav Niklus)
Estonian human rights activist, member of the Ukrainian Helsinki Group since 1982.
Genus. in 1934 in Tartu; Estonian; higher education - graduated from the Faculty of Biology of the University of Tartu in 1957, specializing in ornithology; biologist-zoologist; teacher. Lived in Tartu. Together with student Vello Pyallin, he photographed old houses and installations for suppressing foreign radio stations, and sent photographs abroad for publication. At the same time, he handed over an accusatory letter against “Soviet reality” to the Estonian editorial office of the Voice of America radio station. Arrested on August 21, 1958. Sentenced by the Supreme Court of the ESSR on January 15, 1959 under Art. 58-4, 58-10 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to 10 years of penal colony and 3 years of exile. He served his sentence in Dubravlaga and Vladimir prison. 06/22/1966 released by decision of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the ESSR. Returned to Tartu. Work in the specialty was denied. In 1966-1971 worked as a driver, fleet manager, and organist in a Lutheran church. Since 1968 he taught English, French and German in foreign language courses. He continued to participate in the resistance movement. He was well acquainted with Moscow dissidents. He provided information about events in Estonia and national samizdat for the Chronicle of Current Events. Translated the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights into Estonian. In 1974, he wrote a memoir about his case (“Autobiography”), which was distributed through samizdat. He spoke in defense of Alexander Ginzburg, Yuri Orlov (early 1977), Viktoras Petkus (November 14 and 20, 1977), Gleb Yakunin, Antanas Terlyackas (November 1979). In 1977-1980 signed a number of collective appeals: the “Baltic Memorandum” (08/23/1979), the Petition against the invasion of Soviet troops in Afghanistan (01/17/1980), an appeal to the International Olympic Committee (01/28/1980), against the expulsion of academician Andrei Sakharov (02/03/1980). He was constantly persecuted by the KGB of the USSR (arrested in October 1976). In 1979 he was fired from his job. Arrested on April 29, 1980. Sentenced by the Supreme Court of the ESSR on 01/08/1981 under Art. 68 part 2 of the Criminal Code of the ESSR to 10 years of penal colony and 5 years of exile. He served his sentence in the Perm camps and Chistopol prison. Released on 07/08/1988 by decision of the Supreme Court of the USSR. Returned to Estonia.
Documents (19)
4. Autobiography of Niklus Mart Yuliusovich, Radio Liberty Archive AS No. 2919.
5. Leaflet in defense of Niklus M.Yu. "Rettet Mart Niklus!" dated 03/01/1982, in German.
6-1. Certificate of the Supreme Court of the USSR No. 02Ds-350-88 dated January 6, 1989. on the cancellation of the verdict of the Judicial Collegium for Criminal Cases of the Supreme Court of the Estonian SSR dated January 15, 1959. in relation to Niklus M.-O.Yu. and on his rehabilitation by the decision of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the USSR dated December 22, 1988.
7. Leaflet of the Estonian-American Council dated May 16, 1990. about the arrival of Soviet dissident Niklus M. in the USA, in English and Estonian.
8. Leaflet of the Estonian-American Council dated June 12, 1990. about the visit to the USA of the Soviet dissident Niklus M., in English.
9. Note “Meeting with the national hero of Estonia” in the newspaper “New Russian Word” dated July 20, 1990.
10. Article by Shannon F. Anthony “A voice for independence” in the newspaper “The Sunday star-ledger” dated July 22, 1990, about a conversation with Niklus M., in English.
14. Leaflet of the organization “Baltic American Freedom League” in defense of Niklus M. dated 10/15/1988.
15. Signature sheet demanding the release of Niklus M., with signatures, before [1988].
16. Article by Anyalauskas Valdas “Legendary Estonian in New York”, in the newspaper (no data), undated.
17. A copy of the cover of the book by Dyakov S.V., Ignatiev A.A. and Karpushina M.P. “Responsibility for state crimes” under the general editorship of Barkov L.I., M., 1988.
18. A postcard asking for the release of Niklus M., addressed to the General Secretary of the CPSU Gorbachev M.S., with a photograph of Niklus M.Yu.
19. Postcards asking for the release of Niklus M., addressed to the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the ESSR Vaino K.G., with a photograph of Niklus M.Yu.
20. Photo by Niklus M.Yu. in Cologne on August 23, 1990, with a dedicatory inscription from Niklus M. to the Memorial Society.
21. Photo of a meeting with Niklus M. at the Estonian House in New York on July 20, 1990, Niklus is third from the left.
22. Booklet “The Case of a Soviet-occupied country”, published by the Estonian-American Council, in English.
23. Brochure with materials from the 6th session of the Estonian Congress, 1991, in Estonian, Russian and English.
