Bach Stanislav Mikhailovich
Church organist. Shot in 1938.
He was born on October 17, 1900 in the resettlement settlement of Belostotsky, Novo-Aleksandrovskaya volost, Tomsk district (modern Krivosheinsky district, Tomsk region) in the family of a Polish resettler Mikhail Bakh (1863-1920) and his wife Paulina, who moved to live in Siberia from the village of Porechye, Grodno district and province. According to the agricultural census of 1916, their farm had 3 horses, 4 heads of cattle, and 3.1 dessiatines of arable land were cultivated. The family consisted of 6 people. On June 15, 1920, the head of the family died (he was struck by lightning). Two years later, apparently from priests who visited the village, the villagers learned that following the "reconciliation" between Soviet Russia and Poland, an option commission had been created to accept applications for emigration to Poland from those who had previously lived in the territories that had become Polish. In July 1922, 49-year-old widow Paulina Yuzefowna Bach, along with other villagers, filed such an application, indicating in addition to herself, her 21-year-old son Stanislav, 18-year-old Pavel, 14-year-old daughter Francisca and 11-year-old daughter Veronica as members of her family. The same applications, but on their own behalf, were written by the eldest sons Stanislav and Pavel. During the consideration of these applications and the attached documents, by decision of the Commissioner of the Republic of Poland for Option Affairs in Siberia in 1923, all were accepted into Polish citizenship, but they were no longer able to leave and remained to live in the village.
Stanislav, who showed musical talent, was taken under the wing of priests Julian Gronsky and Nikolai Mikhasenko, served them during services in the village church, then went with them to Tomsk, from 1922 to 1925 he studied at the Tomsk Music College, served as an organist in Catholic churches in Tomsk, then Novosibirsk.
In 1931 he was arrested for the first time in Novosibirsk in the case of priest Yu. Gronsky, OSO OGPU Zapsibkrai was sentenced under Art. 58-6-10 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to 3 years in a labor camp, the prison term was served on the construction of the White Sea-Baltic Canal. He served his prison term in 1933, from 1933 to 1937 he worked in the Ordynsky district of Zapsibkrai as an accountant in one of the post offices, together with his wife he raised daughters Yanina and Tamara. In 1938 he moved with his family to the village of Tatyanovka in the Shegarsky district (60 km from Tomsk), where he got a job as an accountant in a home for the disabled. He was arrested for the second time on February 9, 1938. Sentenced on April 9 to capital punishment as a member of the counter-revolutionary nationalist Polish organization POV. Shot on May 8, 1938. Rehabilitated on September 27, 1989.
In 1938, his younger brother, Pavel Mikhailovich Bakh, was also shot.
Sources and literature:
- GATO.F.239.Op.16.D.133;
- GANO. F.R-1.Op.3. D.250;
- Book of Memory of Tomsk Region;
- Victims of political terror in the USSR. Electronic database;
- Archive of the Memorial Museum;
- V. Khanevich “Bialystok tragedy”. Tomsk - 1993
Дополнительные сведения
Documents (1)
Fund 002 / Inventory 003: Статьи / Case 019
001. “Siberian Bach” / V. A. Khanevich // “People's Tribune”. - 1992. - December 2
Vasily Khanevich's essay tells the tragic story of the Siberian Pole Stanislav Mikhailovich Bach, an organist born in the Polish village of Bialystok in Siberia. Through eyewitness accounts, archival documents, and criminal case materials, the author reconstructs the life of Bach, who became a victim of political repression. Arrested twice, he went through camps, was subjected to new charges of espionage and sabotage, did not confess, and was shot in 1938. The essay also highlights the fate of his brother Pavel and presents a broad context of the repressions against the Polish minority in Siberia.
List of persons:
- Bakh Pavel Mikhailovich - brother of Stanislav Bakh, worked as an accountant at Soyuzzagotskot in Tomsk, shot in 1938.
- Bach Stanislav Mikhailovich - organist, native of the village of Belostok, repressed twice, shot in 1938.
- Felemena (no surname) is the author's great-aunt, who recalled Stanislav Bach.
- Filimonenko Alexander - a member of the party organization, gave incriminating evidence against Bakh.
- Gronsky Julian - priest, administrator of the Catholic Church in Siberia, arrested in 1931.
- Zhukovsky Antony Iosifovich - a priest, previously convicted of espionage.
- Makarov (no name) - director of the home for the disabled, prosecution witness in the Bakh case.
- Mikhasenok Nikolai Ivanovich is a priest previously convicted of espionage.
- Ovchinnikov Ivan Vasilyevich - head of the Tomsk city department of the NKVD, who approved the indictment against Bakh.
- Pesotsky (no name) - employee of the Shegarsky RONKVD, participated in the arrest and interrogations.
- Rybintsov (no name) - named as the son of a landowner who allegedly recruited Bakh into a counter-revolutionary organization.
- Vasily Khanevich is the author of the article and a member of the Council of the Union of Poles in Russia.
- Zoskov (no name) - an employee of the Shegarsky RONKVD, participated in the arrest of Bakh.
