Dvorzhets Yakov Solomonovich

Born in 1895 in Minsk; Jew; from workers, secondary education, teacher; member of the CPSU (b) in 1919–1924. He studied at men's gymnasiums in Ufa and Samara, at Moscow University. Member of the Socialist Revolutionary Party since 1913 (according to other sources, since 1915), since 1919 - a communist. Member of the First World War. He fought on the Southwestern (1915) and Romanian (1916–1917) fronts. In 1918 - manager of the affairs of the Committee of the Constituent Assembly in the Socialist Revolutionary government of Samara. When Kolchak left Ufa, he was mobilized into the ranks of the White Army, disappeared and avoided service. In 1919–1924 he served in the Red Army. During the Civil War, he took part in military operations on the Eastern Front; head of the artillery unit of the supply department of the Ufa Gubernia Military Commissariat (1919), chief of the artillery staff of the 59th (according to other sources, 54th) rifle division of the Semipalatinsk group (1920). Subsequently he was mobilized into the Moscow political administration; carried out special assignments under the head of the Red Army PUR, worked with Antonov-Ovseenko and Trotsky. At the trial of the Social Revolutionaries in 1922, he acted as a witness for the prosecution. In 1924 he was expelled from the CPSU(b) and arrested on charges of serving in the White Army. In November 1924, by a special meeting at the Kogpu, he was sentenced to death with a replacement (at the request of Trotsky) for 3 years of exile in Siberia. Sent to Tomsk. At the end of his term in 1928 he was exiled to the North Caucasus. In 1929–1931 he worked as director of the colony named after. Lenin, since 1932 - director of the commune named after. Dzerzhinsky in Moscow, then - director of the Institute of Labor Education. By order of the city department of public education dated January 14, 1935, he was dismissed with a ban on conducting teaching work in Moscow (“for leftist-Trotskyist perversions in the field of pedagogy”). Arrested on March 26, 1935, accused of “Trotskyist activities.” Sentenced by a resolution of the Special Meeting of the NKVD of the USSR dated September 11, 1935 under Art. 58 clause 10 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to 5 years of labor camp. In custody on Solovki. Sentenced by a resolution of the Special Troika of the UNKVD LO dated 10/09/1937 to VMN. Shot on November 2, 1937 in the Sandormokh tract (Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic). Rehabilitated on May 26, 1956 by a decision of the Presidium of the Moscow City Court.