Ter-Asaturov Mikhail Lvovich

Memoirs cover the entire life of the author. Details of the mother's biography - Sonya Kipiani, of noble origin. Fyodor Chaliapin, who lives in the same house with his mother's large family, proposes to her, but is refused. Mother's marriage with Alexander Ivanovich Tsitsiani. Birth of Elena Konstantinovna in 1899. Birth of sister Nora Konstantinovna. The death of his father from transient consumption in the Nizhny Novgorod regiment. Events of 1905 - unrest, riots, strikes. A detailed description of the life and character of the author's grandparents. Admission to the 5th women's gymnasium at the age of 8 years. Summer vacations were spent in Kareli, with my grandmother Ninutsa. Description of the life and life of the grandmother, Princess Ninutsa Tsitsianova and her brother, Mito Tsitsianov, an underground revolutionary arrested and exiled to Siberia for 20 years of hard labor. The author notes the miserable living conditions of the peasants, and attempts to somehow help them - unnecessary clothes and things were brought. There was a synagogue next to the grandmother's estate, the children watched the rites and rituals of the Jews. The Jewish quarter adjoining the synagogue, the life of the Jews, who were not considered people, are described. The gymnasium years are unremarkable, graduating from the gymnasium in 1917. The author is fond of theater, music, the girl is learning to play the mandolin, piano, guitar. The first participation in the play at the age of 9 years in the estate of my grandmother in Karelia. The sisters are assigned to the Philharmonic Society. After the closing of the society two years later, the sisters continue to study music with a private teacher, then at the private music school of Pyshnov and Schweier in the piano class. Acquaintance with the 20-year-old pianist Zeiliger A.V., who played a big role in the life of the author, friendship with him. Performances at open concerts in the hall of the Artistic Society. Impressions from the arrival of Yasha Heifetz on tour. Meeting Rachmaninov and other interesting people in the Zeilinger House. Studying at the Philharmonic Society lasted 6 years. Attitude towards religion - the study of natural sciences confirms a 14-year-old girl in atheism. The First World War begins, but life in Tiflis flows without any changes. The end of the gymnasium in 1917, the revolution. Getting a job in the entreprise of the Opera House as a cashier. Attention fans. Acquaintance and romantic relationship with a Pole, singer Orda T.S. Transition to the conservatory, as an accompanist in the singing class to Levitsky. Participation in amateur performances. Tiflis is called little Paris - Mayakovsky, Balmont, Yesenin come there. Futurism flourished. Walking around English soldiers in Scottish skirts. Marriage with Takaishvili A.A. Friendship with the Loris-Melikov family. Entry into Tiflis of the Red Army. The departure of military units, the flight of residents, looting. The establishment of Soviet power, the gradual improvement of life. Lack of food. During the NEP, life comes to life a little. Acquaintance with the Romanian Negrini A.N., second marriage. Moving in 1925 to Turkestan, to Poltoratsk (now Ashgabat) to organize a club business. Divorce from her husband because of his passion for playing, departure back to Tiflis, work as a cashier at the Rustaveli Theater. Fans.
Acquaintance with M.L. Ter-Asaturov. Acceptance of the author into the troupe of the Rustaveli Theatre. success in the theatre. Ter-Asaturov gets a job at the Krasny Putilovets plant. 1929 He is sent to America as an English speaker to study the mass production of tractors at the Ford factories. Upon return, meeting with the author in Tbilisi, marriage proposal. 1929 Parting with the theater, departure to Leningrad. Happy married life in Leningrad. The second trip of Ter-Asaturov to America to the Ford factories. The author, meanwhile, is filming in the film "The Caucasian Robber" by Mikhail Gelovani. An attempt to draw up documents for traveling to America to her husband, a refusal to issue a visa, as it turns out, because of the author's noble origin. The author is going to work at the Bolshoi Drama Theatre. Ter-Asaturov is adjusting the equipment brought from America for the reconstruction of the plant. In 1931, the plant produced 32,000 tractors, for which Ter-Asaturov was awarded the Order of Lenin. At this time, he holds the position of technical director of the plant.
The author plays with great success on the stage of the BDT, masters the profession of a ballerina, herself dances to the music of Rubinstein. The couple spend the summer months in the Caucasus. A case of getting into a car accident in the mountains is described, from which the author and her husband miraculously managed to escape. The author leaves the BDT and enters the concert organization of the House of the Red Army, thus switching to pop activities - to artistic reading. Ter-Asaturov decides to organize the production of powerful cars at the plant on the basis of tractor workshops. The American Buick was taken as a model. Soon 6 cars Leningrad-1 (L-1) were ready, they successfully passed the test. A government order was received for 2,000 vehicles. By order of the People's Commissariat of Heavy Industry, the automotive industry was canceled, and it was proposed to engage in military orders. Kirov's assassination. Rallies at the Krasny Putilovets plant. Renaming the plant to the Kirov Plant. The suicide of the husband of Ter-Asaturov's niece, the cause of which remains unknown, the arrest of the chief director of the theater Rustaveli Akhmeteli and his wife Tamara Tsulukidze are harbingers of the beginning of repression. Arrests at the factory. The author notes the general atmosphere of distrust, anxiety, wariness. Removal from the post of director of the Kirov plant Ter-Asaturov. Likhachev, who promised to take him to his factory, does not keep his promise. exclusion from the party. The arrest of Ter-Asaturov on November 20, 1937.
Waiting for the arrest by the author, selling things for next to nothing, renting out an apartment. A call from the NKVD, forcing Ter-Asaturov to believe that his wife was not arrested and to sign the papers. Three months later, the sentence became known - 10 years without the right to correspond.
Arrest of the author on March 16, 1938 after her return from a tour. Arsenal prison. There are 40 women in the cell, almost all of them are wives of arrested husbands who held responsible positions. Those arrested read out the sentence to imprisonment for 8 or 5 years. The author gets 8 years. Appointment stage after two months of imprisonment. Stage in the overfilled teplushki. Arrival in Mordovia, in Temnikovsky penal camps. Description of the camp zone - there were up to 1500 people in one site, there were 24 zones-sites in total. Work in the zone. The author chooses work in the "fresh air" - carrying bricks and stretchers, uprooting stumps. Food - oatmeal and oatmeal, soy coffee.
Description of work in the garment industry - stuffiness, mosquitoes. The author describes his ability to disconnect from reality, presenting the theater. Then again work in the air - to pump water from the well, and on the second shift - in the kitchen. Lelya Rubinstein's friend. The author learned to smoke shag by twisting goat's legs. Garlic grated on a crust of black bread served as a delicacy. After a 1.5-year stay in the camp, correspondence and parcels were allowed. The author was allowed to organize a reading concert.
Another stage. This time arrival in Karelia, in Segezha. Work in general works. The author takes on the organization of concerts, bypassing the barracks and agitating the prisoners. Primitive musical instruments were found. Concert toilets were obtained from the house.
Concerts began to take place regularly. Soloists are released from work and live in a separate section. The author emphasizes all the time the paramount importance for himself of the spiritual life. Performs as a reader and as a dancer. Teaming up with a team of male actors, under the direction of the actor Dulenkov, plays begin to be staged. Arrival of Nora's half-sister with her daughter.
After the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the position of the artists changed. They are again sent to work, settled in a common barracks. After the destruction of the hospital and school during the raid, a new stage is being assembled. A journey of 60 days in a wagon in terrible conditions. The author is amazed at the number of camps that come across along the way.
Arrival in Karganopol camps, northern Kazakhstan, however, due to lack of free places, they move on. The path on foot is 50 km. Arrival at the Karabass camp. After 10 days - a new route, arrival in the village of Dolinka, Karaganda region, distribution to the Manzhin site. Life in the stables. Transfer to the Karadzhar branch as an actress to prepare concerts. Artists are put on easier work. The author works as a cleaner and stoker. Concerts are prepared every month. The concerts are closed for the summer, and the author finds a job as a hairdresser's assistant. Description of the arrived stage with the imprisoned Chechens and Ingush, who expressed sympathy for the Germans. An epidemic disease of malaria, which did not bypass the author, was treated with quinine and quinine. The emergence of a romantic relationship with a member of the troupe Ivan Danilov. The author cites letters from grateful listeners. Again moving to Dolinka troupe, the construction of the House of Culture. The author, as part of the troupe, works in the club until his release. Operettas were staged, the author takes part in them as a choreographer. The team already included a dresser, an artist, a choir, and professional dancers. Performances, concerts, performances were replaced by bouts of malaria. End of term March 16, 1946. Roads and transport are loaded with demobilized people, it is impossible to leave Kazakhstan. The author remains to work as a civilian in the Central Club, then in Karaganda. Departure to Leningrad to see sister Nora. The city amazes with houses destroyed, pitted with shells.
Meeting with Gurevich and Zeiliger. The request to live in Leningrad was denied. The author leaves for Tbilisi. Meeting with friends. Registration, employment in the Philharmonic. Proposal to leave Tbilisi within 10 days. The author leaves for Riga, to visit a friend. However, after some time he returns to Tbilisi, manages to get a residence permit with the help of friends and get a job at the Philharmonic. After the start of re-passportization, she was again deported from Tbilisi, however, with the assistance of the Committee for Arts and the Philharmonic, she manages to return. In the future, the author works in the Philharmonic, travels a lot around the cities of Georgia. Prohibition to work in government concerts. In January 1953, the expulsion of "wives" begins, but the death of Stalin stops this. In 1954 documents about the rehabilitation of the author and her husband arrive, from which it becomes clear that the husband was shot immediately after his arrest. The author begins to work in an ensemble of Chongurists. After rehabilitation, he gets the opportunity to speak in Moscow, before members of the government. In May 1956, the author moved to Leningrad, having received living space from the Kirov Plant. Retirement. Music lessons with Zeiliger, just like 43 years ago. Three years later, moving to his homeland, in Tbilisi. Work as a tutor.
The text includes poems dedicated to the author, as well as the author's own translations from Georgian into Russian.

Annotation compiled by Brodskaya N.K.

* Henrietta, Abashidze Ivan (Vaniko) Davidovich, Agnivtsev Nikolay Yakovlevich, Adamidze Vladimir Andreevich (Lado Adamidze), Aivazov, Aleksi-Meskhishvili Shalva Vladimirovich, Aleshko Maria Ivanovna, Amedyushkin, Amirejibi Varvara Mikhailovna, Antyukhina Milya (Militsiana) Mikhailovna, Artsybashev Mikhail Petrovich, Aseev Nikolay Nikolaevich, Aftyk (Matyukhova in her first marriage) Anna (Asya) Ivanovna, Aftyk Nikolay Ivanovich, Akhmeteli Alexander (Sandro) Vasilievich, Balmont Konstantin Dmitrievich, Baratashvili (Baratov) Joseph Alexandrovich, Barsky Vladimir Grigorievich, Bebutov, Bektabekov Nikolay Georgievich, Bektabekova Lidiya Anatolyevna, Bespalova Frada Grigorievna, Boechin Alexey Fedorovich, Borovsky Alexander Kirillovich, Burago-Tsekhanovskaya Vera Vikentievna, Bushinskaya Vladislava Konstantinovna, Vardanashvili Peter, Vasadze Akakiy Alekseevich, Vakhnyansky Moisey Abramovich, Velsky, Werner, Vivien Leonid Sergevich, Vizirov, Wilkomirski Kazimierz, Virbo Agnes (as in the document) Ivanovna, Volskaya Anna, Volsky Ivan Alexandrovich (Adolf Koschek), Vorobiev, Voroshilov Kliment Efremovich, Vronsky Evgeniy Alekseevich, Vsevolzhsky, Wunderlikh Valentina Aleksandrovna, Galston Gottfried, Gambashidze Shalva Ksenofontovich, Gachechiladze Nelli, Gachechiladze Revaz Razhdenovich, Gvelesiani Sasha, Gviniashvili Tamara (Tinatin, Tiko), Heine-Wagner Germaine Leopoldovna, Gelovani Mikhail Georgievich, Geld Sofia Markovna (Shoina Mordhelevna), Gershenzon Grigory, Gilels Emil Grigorievich, Kettlebell Philip, Gnuni Marianna Arkadyevna, Godziashvili Vasily Davydovich, Goldshat, sisters, Granik Nina Borisovna, Grachev Vasily, Grishashvili Iosif Grigorievich, Gryaznov Fedor Fedorovich, Huberman Bronislaw, Guzikov Evgeniy Mikhailovich, Gurevich Konstantin Naumovich, Davitashvili Georgy Mikhailovich, Danilov Ivan Nikolaevich, Nine Anna, Demyanenko, Japaridze Stepan Melitonovich, Dzhigit Ilya Isaakovich, Georgiashvili Arsen, Dolenko, Dolidze Viktor Isidorovich, Dorozhinskaya Elizaveta Efimovna, Dorozhinsky Konstantin, Dubensky Anatoly Alexandrovich, Dulenkov-Kachalin (pseudonym), Dygas Ignatsi (Ignatius), Dymov V.A., Evlakhov Sergey Ivanovich, Ekimov Yuri, Yesenin Sergey Alexandrovich, Efimov Efim Efimovich, Efimova Vassa Petrovna, Zhuravlev Dmitry Nikolaevich, Zagi, Zalipetsky, Zeiliger Alexander Vladimirovich, Zeiliger Anna Grigorievna, Inashvili Alexander (Sandro) Iovich, Isaev Ivan Sergeevich, Isetsky-Ionisyan Leon Nikolaevich, Itin Alexander Osipovich, Kaziko Olga Georgievna, Kalashnikov, Kamensky Vasily Vasilievich, Kanshin (Aleksey Mikhailovich?), Karpova Evgenia Vladimirovna, Kiguridze (Kiguradze) Shalva Pavlovich, Kikodze Shalva Gerasimovich, Kipiani Alexander Farnaozovich, Kipiani Varsenik, Kipiani Vasily (Vaso) Farnaozovich, Kipiani Vladimir Farnaozovich, Kipiani Dmitry Mikhailovich, Kipiani Elizabeth, Kipiani Iosif Farnaozovich, Kipiani (Kuzmina) Elena Ivanovna, Kipiani Nikolai Farnaozovich, Kipiani Sofia Farnaozovna, Kipiani Farnaoz, Kirov Sergey Mironovich, Kirshon Vladimir Mikhailovich, Kleyman Cecilia Fiselevna, Kovalensky, Komarovskaya Nadezhda Ivanovna, Koshits Nina Pavlovna, Kravchenko, Krovitsky Lev Arkadievich, Kuznetsov (Mikhail Mikhailovich?), Kumanova Nadezhda, Kupradze, Kurikhin Fedor Nikolaevich, Kutateladze Apollon Karamanovich, Lavrentyev Andrey Nikolaevich, Lagidze Lado, Larikov Alexander Iosifovich, Lataridze Kukuri, Lebedeva Marina (Maria?) Vladimirovna (?), Levin Moisey Zelikovich, Levitsky Nikolai Lvovich (?), Lezhen Nina Florianovna, Leonid Nikolaevich Mujiri, Ler Marianna Iosifovna, Leshnov or Peshkov Leonid, Leshtaev, Lisovsky, Likhachev Ivan Alekseevich, Lordkipanidze Elguja Gedevanovych, Lorenz, Loris-Melikov Konstantin Solomonovich, Loris-Melikova Sofya Agabekovna, Lvov Yakov, Marjanishvili Konstantin Alexandrovich, Marshak Nikolay Yakovlevich, Matrosova (Chikovani) Eleonora Romanovna, Matyukhov Al. Nick., Mayakovsky Vladimir Vladimirovich, Mezhlauk Valery Ivanovich, Mezentsova (Mezentseva) Evgenia Sergeevna, Meyerhold Irina Vsevolodovna, Meskheteli (Chogoshvili) Vladimir Evgenievich, Mzhavia Dimitry Grigorievich, Mikeladze Bagrat Mikhailovich, Mikeladze Georgy (Goga) Bagratovich, Mikeladze Lidiya Bagratovna, Mikeladze Nina Bagratovna, Mikeladze Tamara Bagratovna, Mikeladze (Ter-Asaturova) Maria Lvovna, Michurin Gennady Mikhailovich, Modestova Maria Alekseevna, Monakhov Nikolay Fedorovich, Morshchikhin Sergey Alexandrovich, Mujiri Nadezhda, Mujiri Prokofy Nesterovich, Mujiri Tamara, Moonblit, Muradov, Naskidashvili Marina Nikolaevna, Naskidashvili Nikolay, Neverova Elena Nikolaevna, Negrini Alexander Nikolaevich, Neuhaus Heinrich Gustavovich, Nikitin, Nikitin, Nikolaev Leonid Vasilievich, Nikolsky, Oloveynikova Ekaterina Aleksandrovna, Orda Tadeusz Sigismundowicz, Ordzhonikidze Grigory Konstantinovich (Sergo), Orlenko Ilya Ivanovich, Pavishvili Buzhuzha, Pavlov Kotik, Paliashvili Zakhary Petrovich, Panov, Paramonova Alexandra Nikolaevna, Peginova E.Ya. (Um. Kite.), Peltser Nina Vasilievna, Peregonets Alexandra Fedorovna, Perestiani Ivan Nikolaevich, Petrov I.V., Petrov Nikolay Vasilievich (dir.), Pivovarova, Ploshinsky Sergey Fedorovich, Pogosova Nora, Pogosovs, Polizeymako Vitaly Pavlovich, Pyshnov L.N., Pyatakov Georgy Leonidovich, Rasskazova, Rachmaninov Sergei Vasilievich, Rubinstein Lelya, Rayer Erwin, Sabaneeva Talia Ivanovna, Sagalov Yuri, Sagalova (Ustinovskaya) Ekaterina, Lynching Samuil Abramovich, Sarajishvili Ivan Petrovich, Saradze, Sarchimelidze, Svirin Yuri Mikhailovich, Semenov, Serebryakov Nikolay Evgenievich, Serikov, Szigeti Jozsef, Sikharulidze, Skvoretskaya Ganna, Skorobogatov Konstantin Vasilievich, Smirnova Ekaterina Nikolaevna, Sofronov Vasily Yakovlevich, Spanioli Lidia, Spytko-Krakovskaya Elena Andreevna, Stolerman Samuil Alexandrovich, Stradetskaya Maria Mikhailovna (married Zeiliger), Strelkova-Plyam, Stupel Meir, Sumbatov Konstantin, Sumbatov-Yuzhin Alexander Ivanovich, Sumbatova Elya, Tabidze Titian Justinovich, Takaishvili Alexander Alexandrovich, Takaishvili Ekaterina Nikolaevna, Takaishvili Nunu Alexandrovna, Takaishvili Cecile (Cecilia) Dmitrievna, Tarkhanova, Tarkhnishvili Tamara Archilovna, Tverskoy (Kuzmin-Karavaev) Konstantin Konstantinovich, Ter-Asaturov Georgy Lvovich, Ter-Asaturov Zakhary Lvovich, Ter-Asaturov Mikhail Lvovich, Ter-Asaturov Nikolay Lvovich, Ter-Asaturova Elena Alexandrovna, Ter-Asaturova Elena Lvovna, Ter-Asaturova Nina Avetovna, Toidze Alexandra Moiseevna, Totibadze, Truskovsky Lucian Lyutsianovich, Tuganov Alexander Alexandrovich, Tuskia Iona Iraklievich, Frolov, Heifetz Yasha, Khorava Akakiy Alekseevich, Tsereteli Tamara Semyonovna, Zimbalist Efrem Alexandrovich, Tsitsianov Alexander Ivanovich, Tsitsianov Kisho Ivanovich, Tsitsianov Mito, Tsitsianova (Kipiani) Sofia Farnaozovna, Tsitsianova Nina Alexandrovna, Tsitsianova (née Tsitsianova) Nina, Tsulukidze Tamara Grigorievna, Tsutsunava Alexander Razhdenovich, Tsfasman, Chavchavadze Tamara Iraklievna, Cherepanova-Rushevich Vera Iosifovna, Cherkasov Nikolai Konstantinovich, Chikovani Apollo, Chikovani Karaman Manucharovich, Chaliapin Fedor Ivanovich, Shapiro Reuben Abramovich, Shakh-Azizov Konstantin Yazonovich, Shveiger A.Ya., Shevardnadze Dmitry Iraklievich (Dito), Shermazanova, Shishatskaya Maria Mikhailovna, Shulgina (Bakhutashvili) Olga Alexandrovna, Shults Nikolai Alexandrovich, Shumyatskaya Galina Alekseevna, Shutnikov, Shchiglovsky, Eliava Georgy Grigorievich, Eliava-Vol-Levitskaya Amalia Stanislavovna, Eliava-Malieva Ganna Georgievna, Eliava-Malieva Ganna Georgievna, Yurgenson Yuri Alexandrovich, Yanet Nikolay Yakovlevich, Yantsat Valentin Ivanovich, Yashvili Paolo Dzhibraelovich, Yashunskaya