Kamenev Lev Borisovich

Other names: Real name Rosenfeld
Definition: Russian revolutionary, Soviet party and statesman. Prominent Bolshevik, ally of Lenin. Chairman of the Moscow Council (1918-1926); from 1922 - Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars and STO, and after the death of Lenin - Chairman of the STO until January 1926. Member of the Central Committee in 1917-1927, member of the Politburo of the Central Committee in 1919-1926, and then a candidate member of the Politburo. Member of the Central Executive Committee and the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the USSR.
Years of life: 1883-1936
Reproduction methods:
Genus. in 1883 in Moscow in an educated Russian-Jewish family. Since 1901 - a student at Moscow University. As one of the organizers of student unrest in 1902, he was expelled from the university. Since 1903 - a Bolshevik. Participant in the revolution of 1905–1907 He led the work of the Bolshevik faction in the IV State Duma, was arrested and exiled to Siberia. At the II All-Russian Congress of Soviets, he was elected chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. Not sharing the policy of the majority of the Central Committee, in early November 1917 he left it and left his post in the All-Russian Central Executive Committee.
During the October Revolution 25.10. (07.11) 1917 was elected chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. He left this post on November 4 (17), 1917, demanding the creation of a homogeneous socialist government (a coalition government of the Bolsheviks with the Mensheviks and Social Revolutionaries).
In November 1917 he joined the delegation sent to Brest-Litovsk to conclude a separate treaty with Germany. In January 1918, at the head of the Soviet delegation, he went abroad as the new Russian ambassador to France, but the French government refused to recognize his authority. Upon returning to Russia, he was arrested on March 24, 1918 in the Aland Islands by the Finnish authorities. He was released on 08/03/1918 in exchange for the Finns arrested in Petrograd.
From September 1918 he was a member of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, and from October 1918 he was the chairman of the Moscow Council (he held this post until May 1926).
Since March 1919 he became a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the RCP (b). 04/03/1922. It was Kamenev who suggested that Stalin be appointed General Secretary of the Central Committee of the RCP(b). Since 1922, due to Lenin's illness, Kamenev presided over meetings of the Politburo.
On September 14, 1922, he was appointed Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (SNK) of the RSFSR and Deputy Chairman of the Council of Labor and Defense (STO) of the RSFSR. After the formation of the USSR in December 1922, Kamenev became a member of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR. Since 1923, Kamenev became the deputy chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR and the STO of the USSR, as well as the director of the Lenin Institute.
After Lenin's death in February 1924, he became chairman of the STO of the USSR (until 1926).
At the end of 1922, together with G. E. Zinoviev and Stalin, he formed a “triumvirate” directed against L. D. Trotsky, which, in turn, served as an impetus for the formation of the left opposition in the RCP (b).
However, in 1925, together with Zinoviev and N. K. Krupskaya, he stood in opposition to Stalin and Bukharin, who was gaining strength; became one of the leaders of the so-called "new", or "Leningrad", and since 1926 - the united opposition. At the XIV Congress of the CPSU (b) in December 1925, Kamenev declared: “Comrade Stalin cannot play the role of a unifier of the Bolshevik headquarters. We are against the theory of one-man command, we are against creating a leader.”
At the plenum of the Central Committee, which took place immediately after the congress, for the first time since 1919, Kamenev was elected only as a candidate member, and not a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, and on 16.01. On November 26, 1926, he was appointed plenipotentiary in Italy. He was listed as ambassador in the period 11/26/1926 - 01/07/1928.
In October 1926, he was removed from the Politburo, in April 1927 - from the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, and in October 1927 - from the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In December 1927, at the XV Congress of the CPSU (b), he was expelled from the party. Exiled to Kaluga. Soon he issued a statement admitting mistakes.
In June 1928 he was reinstated in the party. In 1928-1929. was the head of the Scientific and Technical Department of the Supreme Economic Council of the USSR, and from May 1929 - Chairman of the Main Concession Committee under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR.
In October 1932, he was again expelled from the party for non-information in connection with the case of the "Union of Marxist-Leninists" and sent into exile in Minusinsk.
In December 1933, he was again reinstated in the party and appointed director of the scientific publishing house Academia. At the XVII Congress of the CPSU (b) he delivered a speech of repentance, which did not save him from further repressions. He was not elected to the Congress of Writers of the USSR.
After the murder of S. M. Kirov, in December 1934 he was arrested again and on 01/16/1935, in the case of the so-called "Moscow Center", was sentenced to 5 years in prison, and then, on 06/27/1935, in the case of the "Kremlin Library and Commandant's Office of the Kremlin", sentenced to 10 years in prison.
In August 1936, he was brought as a defendant to the First Moscow Trial - in the case of the so-called "Trotskyist-Zinoviev United Center", on 08/24/1936 he was sentenced to capital punishment and on 08/25/1936 he was shot. In 1988, he was rehabilitated due to the lack of corpus delicti.

Cases (1)

Documents (26)

Fund 06 / Inventory 1 / Case Фадин Петр Сысоевич
1. Memoirs of Fadin P.S. (attached file)
The memoirs are not finished. Their author (born in 1904) is a senior engineer of the October Railway Administration, a member of the RCP(b) since 1926, a Leningrader.
The beginning of the memoirs is a story about a meeting of the party activists of the Baltic Line electric depot that took place in April 1935, where the personal file of the author was considered. He was accused of “concealing his affiliation with the anti-party group of the Trotskyist opposition,” of reading Lenin’s letter to the congress and disseminating its contents, as well as of voting against the expulsion of G.E. Zinoviev and L.B. Kamenev from the party. The author categorically denies his guilt and explains his position on the issues raised. Silent support from his fellow party members. Demand from a representative of the political department to surrender his party card. The author’s refusal, and his transfer of the party card to the secretary of the party bureau for temporary storage until the final decision of the party activists on this issue. His complaint to the party commission, addressed to R.S. Zemlyachka. Return of the party card.
A summons to the Leningrad Regional Party Committee, where an unexpected distribution to enterprises located in the Urals took place, which was perceived by them as exile. The author's statement that he will only go to places where there are electrified railways. A summons to Kaganovich L.M., who orders him to go immediately to the Sverdlovsk Regional Party Committee for assignment to work.
Recruitment to the position of electrification engineer of the Perm railway. Observation of him by one of the bosses, who had previously received the Order of Lenin for work in the state security agencies.
Meeting his wife at the station, whose suitcases an unknown sailor brought to the hostel where the author lived. Surveillance of him. A one-day trip to the city of Kamyshlov to see his wife's parents, where he was an accidental witness to the arrest in broad daylight of the chief prosecutor of the Chelyabinsk region. Returning to Sverdlovsk in a depressed state. The next day, a search of the author's room in the presence of the hostel commandant. Arrest and placement in a solitary confinement cell in the Sverdlovsk prison.
A prison search. An interrogation during which the investigator sought to prove the author's connection with the sailor. A reminder that in the past the author had drunk in a restaurant with a sea captain. A demand to admit connections with the Trotskyists. The author's refusal. Threats from the investigator, who pulled a revolver out of a drawer. The author's stubborn silence. Sending to a cell. A morning call to the investigator. Physical resistance from the author, who was taken back to the cell.
A new investigator named Carré. The investigator's questions and the author's answers generally coincide with those heard at the party activist meeting. There is a "plant" in the cell.
The next interrogation, conducted in the presence of investigator Voytovich, head of the transport department of the Perm railway.
Again a cell, where for long days there is a painful wait for the NKVD decision. Taken to the commandant's office, where all the previously confiscated things are returned, which gives hope: freedom will soon come. But then transported to the regional investigative prison. After inspection and "processing" the cell where the political prisoners are sitting, awaiting the decision of the Special Conference.

The annotation was compiled by T.G. Zhidkova.
17 листов, файл (присоединённый)
Fund 02 (Б-1) / Inventory 1 / Case Рютин Мартемьян Никитович
1. The article "The Honor of the Party", dedicated to Ryutin M.N., published in the journal "Knowledge is Power" No. 88/10.
7 листов, 1 изображение, ксерокопия, файл (присоединённый)
Fund 03 (Б-2) / Inventory 1 / Case Орловский Эрнст Семенович
2. Letter from Orlovsky E.S. in the newspaper “Komsomolskaya Pravda” about the lawyer and writer Sheinin L.R., who was an investigator for particularly important cases in the 1930s, published in the samizdat magazine “Political Diary” No. 3 for December 1964.
Fund 02 (Б-1) / Inventory 1 / Case Рютин Мартемьян Никитович
2. The article "From the history of resistance to the regime of personal power [30s]", published in the journal "Herald of Higher School" No. 5, 1990.
5 листов, 1 изображение, ксерокопия, файл (присоединённый)
Fund 03 (Б-2) / Inventory 10 / Case Дело по обвинению Пименова Р.И. и других, в 10 томах, т. 6
3. Report of the First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee N.S. Khrushchev To the XX Congress of the CPSU 02/25/1956 “On the cult of personality and its consequences, with comments by R.I. Pimenov and an inscription by L.M. Shcherbakova: “Seized during a search in my room on 03/25/1957. It was in my son's books." An envelope with evidence.
21 лист, 21 изображение, ксерокопия
Pimenov Revolt Ivanovich, Shcherbakova (ur. Pimenova) Larisa Mikhailovna, Khrushchev Nikita Sergeevich, Lenin (Ulyanov) Vladimir Ilyich, Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich, Krupskaya Nadezhda Konstantinovna, Kamenev Lev Borisovich, Zinoviev (Radomyslsky) Grigory Evseevich, Trotsky Lev Davidovich, Bukharin Nikolai Ivanovich, Mrachkovsky Sergey Vitalievich, Rykov Alexey Ivanovich, Kerensky Alexander Fedorovich, Beria Lavrenty Pavlovich, Kirov Sergey Mironovich, Enukidze Avel Safronovich, Nikolaev Leonid Vasilievich, Molotov Vyacheslav Mikhailovich, Zhdanov Andrey Alexandrovich, Kaganovich Lazar Moiseevich, Yezhov Nikolay Ivanovich, Yagoda Genrikh Grigorievich, Abakumov Viktor Semenovich, Vyshinsky Andrey Yanuarievich, Zaporozhets Ivan Vasilievich, Borisov M.V., Dzerzhinsky Felix Edmundovich, Postyshev Pavel Petrovich, Kalinin Mikhail Ivanovich, Minin, Eikhe Robert Indrikovic, Shlyapnikov Alexander Gavrilovich, Rukhimovich Moisey Lvovich, Rudzutak Yan Ernestovich, Nikolaev-Zhurid Nikolay Galaktionovich, Ushakov Zinoviy Markovich, Mezhlauk Valery Ivanovich, Rosenblum Alexander Moiseevich, Komarov Nikolay Pavlovich, Zakovsky Leonid Mikhailovich, Chudov Mikhail Semenovich, Shaposhnikova Ludmila Kuzminichna, Ugarov Alexander Ivanovich, Smorodin Petr Ivanovich, Pozern Boris Pavlovich, Kabakov Ivan Dmitrievich, Chubar Vlas Yakovlevich, Kosarev Alexander Vasilievich, Kosior Stanislav Vikentievich, Rhodes Boris Veniaminovich, Hitler Adolf, Churchill Winston, Cripps Stafford, Vorontsov Mikhail Alexandrovich, Khlopov, Malenkov Georgy Maximilianovich, Kirponos Mikhail Petrovich, Rokossovsky Konstantin Konstantinovich (Ksaverevich), Gorbatov Alexander Vasilievich, Meretskov Kirill Afanasyevich, Подлас Кузьма Петрович, Bagramyan Ivan Khristoforovich, Paasikivi Juho Kusti, Lozovsky (Drizo) Solomon Abramovich, Vasilevsky Alexander Mikhailovich, Mikoyan Anastas Ivanovich (Ovanesovich), Zhukov Georgy Konstantinovich, Poskrebyshev Alexander Nikolaevich, Voznesensky Nikolay Alekseevich, Kuznetsov Alexey Alexandrovich, Popkov Petr Sergeevich, Rodionov Mikhail Ivanovich, Baramia Mikhail Ivanovich, Zodelava I. S., Rapava Avksentiy Narikievich, Charkviani Kandid Nestorovich, Chhubianishvili Zakhary Nikolaevich, Gogua Vasily Barnabovich, Rukhadze Nikolay Maksimovich, Tito Broz Josip, Timashuk Lidiya Feodosyevna, Vinogradov Vladimir Nikitich, Ignatiev Semyon Denisovich, Kaminsky Grigory Naumovich, Snegov Alexey Vladimirovich (Iosif Izrailevich Falikzon), Kartvelishvili Lavrentiy Iosifovich (Lavrentiev), Kedrov Igor Mikhailovich, Golubev Vladimir Petrovich, Baturina Antonina Vasilievna, Andreev Andrey Andreevich, Etinger Yakov Gilarievich, Kogan Mikhail Borisovich, Ordzhonikidze Grigory Konstantinovich (Sergo), Marr Nikolay Yakovlevich
1957
Fund 02 (Б-1) / Inventory 1 / Case Кибальчич Виктор Львович (Серж Виктор)
3. The article "Dissidence annees 30" about the writer Victor Serge and his essay "Sur Celine" about Louis-Ferdinand Celine, 1977, in French.
Fund 03 (Б-2) / Inventory 1 / Case Медведев Рой Александрович
8. Article by R. Medvedev “Health and power in Russia” in the newspaper “Solidarity”, No. 2 of 1997, about the influence of the health of the leaders of the USSR and Russia (from Lenin to Yeltsin) on the country’s politics.
Fund 02 (Б-1) / Inventory 1 / Case Гольман Михаил Борисович
9. An archival copy of the archive of the USSR KGB for the Leningrad region of a letter from Golman M.B. dated 05/05/1929 to investigator Andreev and Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Belarus Gamarnik, written in conclusion about his non-participation in factional work, about the only lecture on the right deviation that he gave, about deteriorating health and with a request to be released on a voluntary signature about ignorance of factional work or exile to Siberia.
Fund 02 (Б-1) / Inventory 1 / Case Либерман Лев Борисович
11. Extracts from the archival investigative case No. 23233-1937 regarding Lieberman L.B., made by his daughter.
33 листа, 33 изображения, рукопись
Lieberman Lev Borisovich, Samsonov, Mukhutdinov, Nifanin Nikolay Stepanovich, Kuznetsov Nikolay Mikhailovich, Tarkhov Vasily Sergeevich, Martishenya Alexander Iosifovich, Perelmuter (Perelmutr) Yakov Efimovich, Pyatin Ivan Dmitrievich, Liberman Boris, Liberman Berta, Lieberman (?) Vera Borisovna, Liberman Vladimir Lvovich, Liberman Grigory Borisovich, Orlova Varvara Petrovna, Tsymal, Polyakov, Fridman Grigory Moiseevich, Tsivyan Efim Borisovich, Kantor Deborah Isaakovna, Petrov, Solodukha, Kabanyuk Efim Kharitonovich, Lubotsky Mark Naumovich, Weisberg Joseph Abramovich, Goldberg, Udilov, Lukashevich, Lamkin, Raivicher Mikhail Abramovich, Shane (Shein-Lipman) Yuri (George) Petrovich, Trotsky Lev Davidovich, * Valentine, Matveev, Urbans Hugo, Weber Hans, Breaststroke, Muller, Kharin, Isaev, Vorovskaya Nina (Yanina) Vaclavovna, Preobrazhensky Evgeniy Alekseevich, Vinogradskaya Polina Semenovna, Yakovin Grigory Yakovlevich, Brodovsky S.I., Solntsev, Fisher Ruth, Maslov Arkady, Kamenev Lev Borisovich, Shlyapnikov Alexander Gavrilovich, Tran, Eastman, Radek Karl Bernhardovich, Ter (?), Johanson, Gordin Arnold Moiseevich, Korkin Petr Andreevich, Reznik Mikhail Yakovlevich, Rosenblum Zakhary Ilyich, Rapoport Lev Grigorievich, Panina Anna Ivanovna, Skoblo Max Solomonovich, Orlov Alexey Vladimirovich, Trofimuk Nikolay Alexandrovich, Mayorov Fedor Petrovich, Goering, Zevin, Fedorov, Kirov Sergey Mironovich, Nikolaev Leonid Vasilievich, Kudrya Nikolai Mikhailovich, Garin Vladimir Nikolaevich, Dmitriev, Hussar, Gorbashev V., Tolkachev, Samsonov, Basmanov
Fund 016 / Inventory 1 / Case 17
36. Letter of the FSB in the Rostov Region No. 6/11-6/2142 dated 06.29.2000 to the Director of the NIC “Memorial” V.V. Ioof (response to request No. 150 dated 13.04.2000) with archival information about Rasyuk P.E., Sedov N.V., Suslova V.P., Kharlamov N.M., Chupaeva A.V. and Shkurenko S.M., as well as the absence of information about Lyashenko I.Ya., Ryabokon V.I., Tanaev A.F., Tregubov I.I. and Sheine N.M.
Fund 017 (К-1) / Inventory 1 / Case 059
38. Minutes of the examination of the case No. P-404824 of 05/22/1955 on Leonidova L.O., Bocharova K.I. and Godes M.S. in connection with the consideration of archival and investigative cases against Slavina I.V., Chudakova I.I., Gruzdev V.I., Weisberg I.A., Lieberman B.P., Mironova N.G., Smirnova A.V. and Klimchuk K.T.
Fund 03 (Б-2) / Inventory 1 / Case Солженицын Александр Исаевич
61. An excerpt from the final book “On the Break of Narrative” of Solzhenitsyn’s epic by A.I. “Red Wheel” - in the newspaper “Rush Hour” No. 20, 1993.
Fund 016 / Inventory 1 / Case 14
330-4. The indictment of the UNKVD for the Primorsky region dated 05/21/1935 in the case of Vaksman I.E. and Anatsky M.P.
Fund 016 / Inventory 1 / Case 14
330-9. Questionnaire of the arrested Ivankov G.I.
Fund 016 / Inventory 1 / Case 14
330-13. The indictment of the 3rd department of the UGB POU NKVD dated 04.12.1936 in the case of Kolomazov F.I.